Changes in net reserves is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are those external assets that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, and include holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), reserve position in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other reserve assets. Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
| 1970 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| México | 2.218.224.584 | 8.061.149.297 | 9.995.557.073 | 20.710.589.460 | 28.299.040.766 | 17.525.295.809 | 17.789.765.165 | 16.329.337.777 | -15.666.594.232 | -137.043.594 | -4.769.675.083 | 478.011.108 | 2.640.644.364 | 11.997.247.148 | 10.288.766.375 | -1.780.719.414 | 7.537.299.454 | 13.904.307.987 | |
| Colômbia | 39.460.000 | 609.973.973 | 845.982.985 | 1.723.579.698 | 3.117.222.721 | 3.736.592.630 | 5.321.388.997 | 6.940.776.393 | 4.435.514.343 | 416.749.507 | 171.899.537 | 535.876.959 | 1.179.096.919 | 3.317.997.972 | -1.079.481.271 | 630.008.764 | 553.507.938 | 1.706.457.311 | 6.051.360.281 |
| Guatemala | -242.907.469 | 642.699.509 | 109.371.112 | 676.899.094 | 213.901.440 | 517.832.476 | 738.018.533 | 125.884.071 | 505.222.837 | 1.423.917.583 | 2.600.202.866 | 987.753.665 | 1.798.723.058 | 3.188.502.700 | 2.805.878.063 | 29.518.491 | 905.774.260 | 2.930.725.001 | |
| El Salvador | 27.108.302 | -45.500.024 | -190.302.797 | -297.420.063 | -414.135.242 | 651.531.366 | -326.684.979 | -32.778.946 | 113.040.528 | 451.775.579 | 308.036.981 | 2.019.751 | 876.017.164 | -1.778.778.658 | 359.635.955 | -698.583.295 | 464.318.487 | 799.230.595 | |
| Nicarágua | -695.483.943 | -532.607.444 | 33.949.985 | 202.046.366 | 72.581.288 | -2.526.029 | 111.674.325 | 313.421.719 | 231.189.059 | -22.943.954 | 313.337.782 | -491.190.901 | 132.757.045 | 723.136.330 | 834.838.607 | 366.531.979 | 1.014.338.939 | 722.790.156 | |
| Jamaica | 129.514.452 | 518.378.664 | 229.927.903 | -348.094.801 | -267.782.752 | -823.583.051 | -93.530.607 | 1.097.125.745 | 423.969.337 | 177.016.995 | 498.425.040 | -190.916.478 | 189.880.588 | 35.982.694 | 904.039.070 | -185.690.368 | 332.356.761 | 583.074.341 | |
| Honduras | -310.463.822 | -160.354.811 | 411.305.230 | 588.400.005 | 101.644.460 | -265.105.387 | 490.887.979 | 471.704.928 | 307.240.077 | 64.592.078 | 896.563.286 | 53.058.733 | 992.834.578 | 1.912.652.768 | 461.041.135 | -118.473.768 | -993.185.383 | 453.140.253 | |
| Panamá | -135.918.188 | 272.886.615 | 497.023.791 | -1.275.797.934 | -1.742.762.606 | 36.951.865 | 400.872.033 | 1.221.664.354 | -77.421.243 | 608.734.732 | -971.264.010 | -632.639.056 | 1.226.786.792 | 5.031.275.445 | -1.082.572.210 | -1.919.704.381 | 630.814 | 365.574.950 | |
| Bahamas | 11.734.493 | -61.000.084 | -88.145.444 | 47.751.373 | 25.070.816 | -75.049.830 | -68.626.716 | 51.577.429 | 28.075.590 | 95.123.743 | 507.562.243 | -217.712.911 | 562.595.772 | 364.257.596 | 60.310.704 | 198.961.855 | -34.299.982 | 242.142.468 | |
| Suriname | 20.624.087 | 35.023.062 | 124.112.265 | 180.128.589 | -147.739.019 | -150.176.708 | -302.307.893 | -631.189.307 | 21.101.798 | 101.354.231 | -312.550.580 | -146.893.933 | 213.269.391 | 28.456.605 | 60.915.908 | 214.860.726 | |||
| São Vicente e Granadinas | 5.436.401 | 12.635.571 | -5.594.210 | 31.228.457 | -28.238.212 | 20.968.671 | 24.071.077 | 16.597.644 | 16.476.026 | 27.563.663 | -14.621.821 | -8.945.778 | 26.231.234 | -2.666.961 | 73.345.971 | 987.495 | -37.987.043 | 33.417.867 | |
| Granada | 2.530.111 | 6.820.241 | -27.481.179 | -15.993.241 | 1.882.141 | -1.898.111 | 31.535.435 | 16.793.466 | 27.525.390 | 9.422.129 | -6.767.518 | 39.666.041 | 5.232.886 | 36.393.094 | 57.901.703 | 28.159.474 | 35.963.428 | 23.179.230 | |
| Belize | 15.449.382 | 51.616.689 | -11.474.083 | 4.992.113 | 18.212.033 | 55.457.325 | 117.322.372 | 84.873.141 | -103.672.093 | -59.240.684 | -66.700.187 | -16.921.256 | -17.526.963 | 68.724.696 | 76.755.865 | 61.662.977 | -9.803.499 | 10.559.177 | |
| São Cristóvaõ e Neves | 88.889 | -4.409.899 | -6.806.833 | 33.219.147 | 40.253.361 | -13.660.587 | 33.761.762 | 47.887.587 | -580.482 | 41.287.346 | 44.100.133 | -3.841.350 | -373.566 | 10.381.188 | -35.525.992 | -42.530.299 | -8.082.844 | 8.147.642 | |
| Antigua/Barbuda | -592.593 | -6.174.209 | 7.315.986 | -23.069.045 | -172.929 | -11.107.456 | 11.272.192 | 112.539.145 | 77.522.821 | -4.585.535 | 6.918.546 | 23.592.888 | -49.611.458 | -57.328.231 | 102.346.634 | 22.175.783 | -26.736.966 | -1.016.450 | |
| Santa Lúcia | 6.298.543 | 4.073.386 | -15.867.778 | 21.087.969 | -491.881 | 16.492.245 | -39.791.785 | 67.877.830 | 63.834.601 | -8.806.301 | 18.336.495 | -32.640.169 | -22.086.755 | -57.909.734 | 155.538.373 | -40.829.461 | 61.330.780 | -17.374.757 | |
| Dominica | 5.048.203 | -2.197.484 | 3.719.184 | 1.937.391 | 8.011.057 | 13.338.002 | -4.783.369 | 16.130.482 | 18.395.559 | 97.278.474 | -8.492.378 | -19.439.988 | -34.708.718 | -2.806.904 | 17.406.629 | 17.105.380 | -18.579.959 | -24.990.206 | |
| Costa Rica | -541.382.705 | -152.934.813 | 393.470.428 | 561.140.937 | 132.357.332 | 2.109.603.840 | 460.895.582 | -113.205.657 | 644.015.214 | -235.166.369 | -418.729.653 | 389.863.087 | 1.392.606.674 | -2.275.982.462 | -556.405.566 | 1.253.635.288 | 4.321.296.098 | -118.594.170 | |
| Trinidad e Tobago | -178.481.450 | 441.115.091 | 1.387.022.058 | 436.171.498 | 803.961.109 | -612.648.692 | 804.361.197 | 1.352.579.311 | -1.540.076.014 | -447.430.343 | -1.122.120.527 | -784.450.120 | -643.517.485 | 4.276.480 | -47.827.192 | 14.272.437 | -586.598.312 | -620.533.634 | |
| República Dominicana | -4.130.000 | -474.141.563 | -48.355.907 | 747.891.261 | 70.558.425 | 161.671.167 | -440.568.557 | 1.333.640.802 | 650.726.643 | 774.044.326 | 895.392.092 | 722.172.163 | 835.457.167 | 1.126.026.521 | 1.291.449.009 | 2.287.211.021 | 1.433.790.985 | 1.201.024.391 | -1.775.154.731 |
| Barbados | -13.354.000 | -44.139.621 | 178.016.297 | 22.185.564 | -47.628.975 | -12.680.897 | 28.020.540 | -156.069.083 | -44.391.584 | -65.488.766 | -106.512.454 | -249.486.516 | |||||||
| Guiana | 40.201.771 | 14.343.011 | -195.347.323 | -54.726.373 | -110.761.289 | 49.379.813 | 22.341.344 | -109.884.067 | 2.094.152 | -12.832.920 | -56.216.150 | 56.181.487 | 104.707.960 | 40.708.139 | 121.645.948 | -35.958.829 | |||
| Haiti | -35.205.040 | -56.942.661 | -330.568.129 | -1.670.357.155 | -1.814.113.210 | -729.750.994 | -738.983.844 | -1.046.046.645 | -719.960.232 | -315.748.310 | -451.898.824 | -451.264.613 | -390.434.226 | -41.441.075 | -161.034.336 | -379.408.697 | -91.617.592 | ||
| Venezuela (República Bolivariana da) | 87.680.000 | 2.475.910.502 | 5.957.840.767 | 5.424.814.035 | -7.939.314.626 | -4.012.503.637 | -846.178.424 | -4.410.019.259 | -609.103.355 | -4.470.138.395 | -6.347.497.086 |